There's been a fair number of cases of illegal parts on cars...
Lotus' recently discovered front suspension
McLaren's flexing front wing assembly
(not confirmed but fairly certain) Red Bull's flexing front wing/nose/splitter.
In all of these cases, the FIA's response seems to have been "that's not on, change it for the next race".
But, my mind goes back to Australia a couple of years ago, where Sauber got an excellent result, and were then found to have a rear wing with a marginally too high curvature, and disqualified.
Is there a reason why teams are being allowed to get away with illegal parts now, when Sauber were so unceremoniously dumped out of the results a couple of years back?